Dear Students,
Please study the following word definitions and write your own examples (20 sentences):
hardware - the machines, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other electronic system.
"Select a software package that suits your requirements and buy the hardware to run it on."
software - the programs and other operating information used by a computer, e.g. "the software industry."
data - facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis, e.g., "there is very little data available."
Synonyms: facts, figures, statistics.
tax - a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions, e.g., "A failure to pay tax is usually punishable by law."
satellite - an artificial body placed in orbit round the earth or another planet in order to collect information or for communication, e.g., "a communications satellite."
Synonyms: space station, space capsule, spacecraft.
encode - (verb; past tense: encoded; past participle: encoded) convert into a coded form, e.g., "using this technique makes it possible to encode and transmit recorded video information."
process - a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end, e.g., "military operations could jeopardize the peace process", "faxing a seventy page document is an expensive process."
Synonyms: procedure, operation, action, activity, exercise, affair, business, job, task, undertaking, proceeding.
processor - a machine that processes something, e.g., "the processor overexposed the film."
data processing - the carrying out of operations on data, especially by a computer, to retrieve, transform, or classify information, e.g., "management strategies in data processing."
eliminate - completely remove or get rid of (something), e.g., "a policy that would eliminate inflation," "this diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body."
Synonyms: remove, get rid of, abolish, put an end to, do away with, banish; knock out, beat, get rid of.
quality assurance - the activity of checking goods or services to make sure that they are good. In developing products and services, quality assurance is any systematic process of checking to see whether a product or service being developed is meeting specified requirements. The goal of quality assurance is to identify defects after a product is developed and before it's released.
information security - the processes and methodologies which are designed and implemented to protect print, electronic, or any other form of confidential, private and sensitive information or data from unauthorized access, use, misuse, disclosure, destruction, modification, or disruption. Information security, sometimes shortened to InfoSec, is the practice of defending information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction.
cell phone - (also known as a cellular phone, mobile phone, hand phone, or simply a phone) is a phone that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short range of a single, private base station. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming, and photography. Mobile phones that offer these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones.
server - computer or device on a network that manages network resources. There are many different types of servers. For example:
File server: a computer and storage device dedicated to storing files. Any user on the network can store files on the server.
Print server: a computer that manages one or more printers, and a network server is a computer that manages network traffic.
Database server: a computer system that processes database queries.
Servers are often dedicated, meaning that they perform no other tasks besides their server tasks. There are top 5 server terms: web server, proxy server, dedicated server, application server and cloud server.
mainframe computers - (colloquially referred to as "big iron") computers used primarily by corporate and governmental organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning and transaction processing.
supercomputer - the fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations. For example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer. A supercomputer is typically used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation.
handheld PC - a computer that can conveniently be stored in a pocket (of sufficient size) and used while a person is holding it. Today's handheld computers, which are also called personal digital assistants (PDAs), can be divided into those that accept handwriting as input and those with small keyboards.
PDA - short for Personal Digital Assistant; a handheld device that combines computing, telephone/fax, Internet and networking features. A typical PDA can function as a cellular phone, fax sender, Web browser and personal organizer. PDAs may also be referred to as a palmtop, hand-held computer or pocket computer.
motherboard - (sometimes abbreviated as mobo) the main circuit board of a microcomputer. The motherboard contains the connectors for attaching additional boards. Typically, the motherboard contains the CPU, BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices, such as the display screen, keyboard, and disk drive. Collectively, all these chips that reside on the motherboard are known as the motherboard's chipset. On most PCs, it is possible to add memory chips directly to the motherboard. You may also be able to upgrade to a faster PC by replacing the CPU chip. To add additional core features, you may need to replace the motherboard entirely.
heat sink - a passive heat exchanger that cools a device by dissipating heat into the surrounding medium. In computers, heat sinks are used to cool central processing units or graphics processors. Heat sinks are used with high-power semiconductor devices such as power transistors and optoelectronics such as lasers and light emitting diodes (LEDs), where the heat dissipation ability of the basic device is insufficient to moderate its temperature. A heat sink is designed to maximize its surface area in contact with the cooling medium surrounding it, such as the air.
Please study the following word definitions and write your own examples (20 sentences):
hardware - the machines, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other electronic system.
"Select a software package that suits your requirements and buy the hardware to run it on."
software - the programs and other operating information used by a computer, e.g. "the software industry."
data - facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis, e.g., "there is very little data available."
Synonyms: facts, figures, statistics.
tax - a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions, e.g., "A failure to pay tax is usually punishable by law."
satellite - an artificial body placed in orbit round the earth or another planet in order to collect information or for communication, e.g., "a communications satellite."
Synonyms: space station, space capsule, spacecraft.
encode - (verb; past tense: encoded; past participle: encoded) convert into a coded form, e.g., "using this technique makes it possible to encode and transmit recorded video information."
process - a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end, e.g., "military operations could jeopardize the peace process", "faxing a seventy page document is an expensive process."
Synonyms: procedure, operation, action, activity, exercise, affair, business, job, task, undertaking, proceeding.
processor - a machine that processes something, e.g., "the processor overexposed the film."
data processing - the carrying out of operations on data, especially by a computer, to retrieve, transform, or classify information, e.g., "management strategies in data processing."
eliminate - completely remove or get rid of (something), e.g., "a policy that would eliminate inflation," "this diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body."
Synonyms: remove, get rid of, abolish, put an end to, do away with, banish; knock out, beat, get rid of.
quality assurance - the activity of checking goods or services to make sure that they are good. In developing products and services, quality assurance is any systematic process of checking to see whether a product or service being developed is meeting specified requirements. The goal of quality assurance is to identify defects after a product is developed and before it's released.
information security - the processes and methodologies which are designed and implemented to protect print, electronic, or any other form of confidential, private and sensitive information or data from unauthorized access, use, misuse, disclosure, destruction, modification, or disruption. Information security, sometimes shortened to InfoSec, is the practice of defending information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction.
cell phone - (also known as a cellular phone, mobile phone, hand phone, or simply a phone) is a phone that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short range of a single, private base station. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming, and photography. Mobile phones that offer these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones.
server - computer or device on a network that manages network resources. There are many different types of servers. For example:
File server: a computer and storage device dedicated to storing files. Any user on the network can store files on the server.
Print server: a computer that manages one or more printers, and a network server is a computer that manages network traffic.
Database server: a computer system that processes database queries.
Servers are often dedicated, meaning that they perform no other tasks besides their server tasks. There are top 5 server terms: web server, proxy server, dedicated server, application server and cloud server.
mainframe computers - (colloquially referred to as "big iron") computers used primarily by corporate and governmental organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning and transaction processing.
supercomputer - the fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations. For example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer. A supercomputer is typically used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation.
handheld PC - a computer that can conveniently be stored in a pocket (of sufficient size) and used while a person is holding it. Today's handheld computers, which are also called personal digital assistants (PDAs), can be divided into those that accept handwriting as input and those with small keyboards.
PDA - short for Personal Digital Assistant; a handheld device that combines computing, telephone/fax, Internet and networking features. A typical PDA can function as a cellular phone, fax sender, Web browser and personal organizer. PDAs may also be referred to as a palmtop, hand-held computer or pocket computer.
motherboard - (sometimes abbreviated as mobo) the main circuit board of a microcomputer. The motherboard contains the connectors for attaching additional boards. Typically, the motherboard contains the CPU, BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices, such as the display screen, keyboard, and disk drive. Collectively, all these chips that reside on the motherboard are known as the motherboard's chipset. On most PCs, it is possible to add memory chips directly to the motherboard. You may also be able to upgrade to a faster PC by replacing the CPU chip. To add additional core features, you may need to replace the motherboard entirely.
heat sink - a passive heat exchanger that cools a device by dissipating heat into the surrounding medium. In computers, heat sinks are used to cool central processing units or graphics processors. Heat sinks are used with high-power semiconductor devices such as power transistors and optoelectronics such as lasers and light emitting diodes (LEDs), where the heat dissipation ability of the basic device is insufficient to moderate its temperature. A heat sink is designed to maximize its surface area in contact with the cooling medium surrounding it, such as the air.
Retrieved and adapted from the following sources:
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